Main Ref. | Gusso, C.C., M.F. Gravina and F.R. Maggiore, 2001 |
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Remarks | Carnivore; trophic level 2.6 (Ref. 96418); also a scavenger (Ref. 96488). Found in the sublittoral zone (Ref. 96487). Inhabits rocky, detritic sandy bottoms (Ref. 96485); and soft substrata (Ref. 96488). Found also in Laminara digitata forest (Ref. 96418) and Zostera marina beds (Ref. 96488). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Benthic: mobile;: sand; Hard Bottom: rocky; rubble; |
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Substrate Ref. | Crocetta, F., W. Renda and A. Vazzana, 2009 |
Special habitats | Beds: algae/seaweed; sea grass; |
Special habitats Ref. | Schaal, G., P. Riera and C. Leroux, 2010 |
Ref. | Gusso, C.C., M.F. Gravina and F.R. Maggiore, 2001 |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | plants/detritus+animals (troph. 2.2-2.79) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Schaal, G., P. Riera and C. Leroux, 2010 |
Feeding habit | browsing on substrate |
Feeding habit Ref. | Rueda, J.L., S. Gofas, J. Urra and C. Salas, 2009 |
Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | |||||
Ref. |