Main Ref. | Roper, C.F.E., M.J. Sweeney and C.E. Nauen, 1984 |
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Remarks | Inhabits upper sublittoral (Ref. 1695, page 206). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Benthic: mobile; Soft Bottom |
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Substrate Ref. | Carpenter, K.E. and V.H. Niem, 1998 |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | Roper, C.F.E., M.J. Sweeney and C.E. Nauen, 1984 |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Kangas, M.I., S. Morrison, P. Unsworth, E. Lai, I. Wright and A. Thomson, 2006 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Kangas, M.I., S. Morrison, P. Unsworth, E. Lai, I. Wright and A. Thomson, 2006 |
Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | |||||
Ref. |