Palinurus elephas   (Fabricius, 1787)

Common spiny lobster

Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Palinurus elephas  AquaMaps  Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Palinurus elephas (Common spiny lobster)
Palinurus elephas

Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | CoL | ITIS | WoRMS

| Decapoda | Palinuridae

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ökologie

; tiefenbereich 5 - 200 m (Ref. 85369), usually 10 - 70 m (Ref. 4).  Subtropical; 12°C - 16°C (Ref. 114562), preferred 11°C (Ref. 107945); 61°N - 27°N, 32°W - 36°E (Ref. 114562)

Verbreitung Länder | FAO Gebiete | Ecosystems | Vorkommen | Einführungen

Eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean: from Norway to Morocco. Subtropical to temperate.

Length at first maturity / Size / Gewicht / Alter

Maturity: Lm 10.0, range 7 - 8 cm Max length : 50.0 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 441); common length : 40.0 cm BASL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 441); max. veröff. Alter: 15 Jahre (Ref. 85318)

Biologie     Fachlexikon (Englisch) (z.B. epibenthic)

Traditionally caught by traps, pots and sometimes by hand (e.g., diving and spearing; Refs. 441, 85369), but these gears were eventually replaced with trammel nets (Ref. 85369). Minimum depth from Ref. 4. Occurs at depths between shore to 200 m, on rocky bottoms and coralligenous substrates where there are lots of protective holes and micro-caves. Adults may be solitary, in pairs or in small groups. Highly omnivorous and preys on hard-shelled bottom dwelling organisms, i.e., mollusks, echinoderms and crustaceans. They are generalists and opportunistic feeders depending on the abundance of benthic organisms (Ref. 85369). Ovigerous females are observed from September to October and February to March (Ref. 4).

Life cycle and mating behavior Geschlechtsreife | Fortpflanzung | Ablaichen | Eier | Fecundity | Larven

Breeds once a year between June and October. Larger females mate and lay eggs earlier during breeding season while smaller females spawn towards the end (Ref. 85364).

Hauptreferenz Referenzen | Koordinator | Partner

Holthuis, L.B. 1991. (Ref. 4)

IUCN Rote Liste Status (Ref. 130435)

  gefährdet, siehe IUCN Red List (VU) (A2bd); Date assessed: 26 September 2013

CITES Status (Ref. 108899)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Bedrohung für Menschen

Nutzung durch Menschen

Fischereien: kommerziell
FAO - Fischereien: landings | FishSource | Sea Around Us

Tools

E-book | Feldführer

Internet Quellen

BHL | BOLD Systems | CISTI | DiscoverLife | FAO(Fischereien: ; publication : search) | Fishipedia | GenBank (Genom, nucleotide) | GloBI | Gomexsi | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | PubMed | Tree of Life | Wikipedia (Gehe zu, Suchen) | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 7.7 - 19.6, mean 11.9 (based on 808 cells).
Widerstandsfähigkeit (Ref. 69278): mittel, Verdopplung der Population dauert 1,4 - 4,4 Jahre. (K=0.13-0.21; tm=4; tmax=15).
Prior r = 0.22, 95% CL = 0.14 - 0.33, Based on 4 data-limited stock assessments.
Verwundbarkeit (Ref. 71543): Moderate vulnerability (40 of 100).
Preiskategorie (Ref. 80766): Very high.
Nutrients: Calcium = 109 [35, 184] mg/100g; Iron = 1.59 [1.21, 1.97] mg/100g; Protein = 20.2 [19.2, 21.3] %; Omega3 = 0.285 [0.185, 0.386] g/100g; Selenium = 48.3 [-31.7, 128.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 0 μg/100g; Zinc = 1.79 [1.17, 2.40] mg/100g (wet weight).