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Palinurus elephas   (Fabricius, 1787)

Common spiny lobster

Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Palinurus elephas  AquaMaps  Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Palinurus elephas (Common spiny lobster)
Palinurus elephas

Spain country information

Common names: [No common name]
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: common (usually seen) | Ref: Goñi, R. and D. Latrouite, 2005
Importance: highly commercial | Ref: Follesa, M.C., D. Cuccu, R. Cannas and A. Cau, 2007
Aquaculture: never/rarely | Ref:
Regulations: no regulations | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Known from Bay of Biscay (Ref. 114314), Medes Island (Ref. 85313) and Columbretes Islands (Refs. 85352, 114314). C: Refs. 85313, 85352, 85381, 85396; M: Refs.4, 74504, 114314.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/sp.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Goñi, R. and D. Latrouite, 2005
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Awwista, ... more

Classification / Names / Names Nama-nama umum | Sinonim (persamaan) | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS

> Decapoda (Lobster, shrimp and crabs) > Palinuridae (spiny lobsters)

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ekologi

; kisaran kedalaman 5 - 200 m (Ref. 85369), usually 10 - 70 m (Ref. 4).   Subtropical; 12°C - 16°C (Ref. 114562), preferred 11°C (Ref. 107945); 61°N - 27°N, 32°W - 36°E (Ref. 114562)

Penyebaran Negara-negara | Daerah-daerah FAO | Ecosystems | Kemunculan | Introduksi

Eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean: from Norway to Morocco. Subtropical to temperate.

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / umur

Maturity: Lm 10.0, range 7 - 8 cm Max length : 50.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 441); common length : 40.0 cm BASL jantan/; (Ref. 441); Umur maksimum dilaporkan: 15 Tahun (Ref. 85318)

Biologi     Daftar kata (contoh epibenthic)

Traditionally caught by traps, pots and sometimes by hand (e.g., diving and spearing; Refs. 441, 85369), but these gears were eventually replaced with trammel nets (Ref. 85369). Minimum depth from Ref. 4.

Life cycle and mating behavior Kematangan | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Pemijahan | telur-telur | Fecundity | Larva

Breeds once a year between June and October. Larger females mate and lay eggs earlier during breeding season while smaller females spawn towards the end (Ref. 85364).

rujukan utama Acuan | Koordinator | mitra

Holthuis, L.B. 1991. (Ref. 4)

Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)

  Rentan, lihat daftar merah IUCN (VU) (A2bd); Date assessed: 26 September 2013

status CITES (Ref. 108899)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

penggunaan manusia

Perikanan: komersial
FAO - Perikanan: landings | FishSource | Sea Around Us

Alat, peralatan

E-book | Penuntun lapangan

Sumber internet

BHL | BOLD Systems | CISTI | DiscoverLife | FAO(Perikanan: ; publication : search) | GenBank (genom, Nukleotida) | GloBI | Gomexsi | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | PubMed | Tree of Life | Wikipedia (pergi, Cari) | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 7.7 - 19.6, mean 11.9 (based on 808 cells).
Daya lenting (Ref. 69278) sedang, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 1.4 - 4.4 tahun (K=0.13-0.21; tm=4; tmax=15).
Prior r = 0.22, 95% CL = 0.14 - 0.33, Based on 4 data-limited stock assessments.
keancaman (Ref. 71543): Moderate to high vulnerability (54 of 100).
kategori harga (Ref. 80766): Very high.