Common names from other countries
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologie
; diepteverspreiding 0 - 120 m (Ref. 62202). Polar; 82°N - 27°N, 80°W - 43°E (Ref. 124582)
Northwest Atlantic, Eastern Atlantic and the Arctic: Polar to temperate.
Length at first maturity / Size / Gewicht / Leeftijd
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm Max length : 45.0 cm TL mannelijk/geslacht niet bekend; (Ref. 8812); Maximaal gepubliceerd gewicht: 719.00 g (Ref. 356)
Culmen: 3.45 cm; tarsus: 2.963 cm; wing: 21.13 cm.
Total Length: 40 to 45 cm; Wingspan: 63 to 66 cm (Ref. 8812). Found along coasts; <15 km (Ref. 356). In the North Sea off the east coast of Scotland and northern England, this species primarily forage inshore and feed on the sandeel, Ammodytes marinus (Ref. 95711). Known to be pursuit divers (Ref. 356). They surface-feed by scooping prey from the water and also able to exploit the water column by diving; carrying prey in their bills back to their colony. In nesting colonies, breeding pairs share incubation and chick-rearing duties. Adults feed their chicks with regurgitated food (Ref. 95711).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Geslachtsrijpheid | Voortplanting | Kuitschieten | Eieren | Fecundity | Larven
Breeds from northern Europe east to Russia, Iceland, Greenland, and coastal North America from Baffin Island south to the Maritime Provinces and Maine. Winters from Greenland south even to South Carolina, and in Europe to the Mediterranean. Eggs are laid from early June to early August (Ref. 87872).
Camphuysen, C.J.K. 1998. (Ref. 7319)
Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435)
Status bij CITES (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Gebruik door de mens
| FishSource |
Tools
Meer informatie
Leeftijd/GrootteGroeiLengte-gewicht parametersLengte-lengte parametersMorfologieLarvenAbundantie
Internet-bronnen
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 2.3 - 12.7, mean 8.1 (based on 1259 cells).
Weerstandsvermogen
Hoog, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd minder dan 15 maanden (K=20.71-50.32).
Kwetsbaarheid
Low to moderate vulnerability (35 of 100).
Prijsklasse
Unknown.