Common names from other countries
Classification / Names / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
; 深度上下限 0 - 60 m (Ref. 62202), usually 20 - 30 m (Ref. 62202). ; 83°N - 24°N, 85°W - 71°E (Ref. 124582)
Arctic, Northern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. Boreal to polar.
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm Max length : 30.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 8812); 最大体重: 381.00 g (Ref. 356)
Culmen: 4.56 cm; tarsus: 2.88 cm; wing: 17.21 cm.
Total Length: 28 to 30 cm; Wingspan: 53 to 58 cm (Ref. 8812). Occupy the continental shelf; <100 km; exhibits plunge-diving feeding behavior (Ref. 356). In the North Sea off the east coast of Scotland and northern England, this species is known to feed on the sandeel, Ammodytes marinus and breeding birds spend approx. 80% of daylight period at sea, commonly in dense rafts. They form nesting colonies with breeding pairs sharing incubation and chick-rearing duties; surface-feeding by scooping prey from the water, they carry prey in their bills and feed their chicks with regurgitated food (Ref. 95711).
主要参考文献
参考文献 | 合作者 | 合作者
Barrett, R.T. and F. Rikardsen. 1992. (Ref. 4091)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
人类利用
| FishSource |
工具
网络资源
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 0.5 - 11.8, mean 6.8 (based on 976 cells).
回复力
高度, 族群倍增时间少于 15个月 (K=8.27-39.05).
脆弱性
Low vulnerability (20 of 100).
价格分类
Unknown.
