Common names from other countries
Classification / Names / Names
Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Benthic; brackish; depth range 0 - 43 m (Ref. 108755). Temperate
Eastern Pacific and Western Atlantic: North America, Canada to Brazil.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ?, range 0 - 0.55 cm Max length : 2.0 cm CW male/unsexed; (Ref. 79470); max. reported age: 2.00 years (Ref. 109497)
Euryhaline. Prefers brackish waters, found in estuaries or quasi-freshwater lakes. Lives in muddy or sandy substrates, as well as on oyster reefs, vegetation, logs and manmade debris (Ref. 108786). Also on rubble (Ref. 97531). Omnivorous scavenger (Ref. 108786).
Life cycle: It undergoes four (4) zoeal stages and one (1) megalopa before turning into adult (Refs. 79470, 109437, 109442, 109461). Mating behavior: Precopulatory courtship ritual is common (through olfactory and tactile cues); usually indirect sperm transfer (Ref. 833). Spawning occurs from July to August in northern latitudes, April to September in mid latitudes, and April to November in southern latitudes (Ref. 109493). Females burrow in the sand to lay eggs prior to copulation, brooding takes 15-19 days (Ref. 109502).
Hill, M., R. Baker, G. Broad, P.J. Chandler, G.H. Coop, J. Ellis, D. Jones, C. Hoyland, I. Laing, M. Longshaw, N. Moore, D. Parrott, D. Pearman, C. Preston, R.M. Smith and R. Waters. 2005. (Ref. 1314)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
CITES status (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Human uses
| FishSource |
Tools
Internet sources
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 7.2 - 22.9, mean 14.2 (based on 234 cells).
Resilience
High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (K=1.28; tmax=2).
Price category
Unknown.