Common names from other countries
Classification / Names / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
居於水底的; 半鹹淡水; 深度上下限 0 - 100 m (Ref. 275). ; 51°N - 48°S, 22°E - 155°W (Ref. 106950)
Indo-Pacific: from Japan to Australia and New Zealand coasts, from Hawaii to the East African coast, north to Red Sea and south to Madagascar. Introduced in the Mediterranean Sea.
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm Max length : 40.1 cm ML 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 121859); 最大體重: 1.80 g (Ref. 275)
Also caught by set nets and spears and jigs. Demersal neritic species (Ref. 105081). Inhabits warm coastal waters (Ref. 101164). Found among rock reefs, seaweeds and estuaries (Ref. 105081). Primarily active at night and is found in shallow waters, from 0 to 100 m in depth. Moves to deeper waters or in proximity to floating driftwood, reefs, rocks, or seagrasses during daylight (Also Ref. 129713). Often solitary (Ref. 101164). Voracious (Ref. 101165) and strictly carnivorous predator (Refs. 101164, 129713). Mainly consumes mollusks, fishes (Ref. 101164) and prawns (Ref. 101165). Utilizes its characteristic tentacles to catch live prey (Ref. 101164). Exhibits cannibalism on smaller conspecifics (Ref. 101164) or among size classes (Ref. 101165).
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Members of the class Cephalopoda are gonochoric. Male and female adults usually die shortly after spawning and brooding, respectively. Mating behavior: Males perform various displays to attract potential females for copulation. During copulation, male grasp the female and inserts the hectocotylus into the female's mantle cavity where fertilization usually occurs. Life cycle: Embryos hatch into planktonic stage and live for some time before they grow larger and take up a benthic existence as adults.
主要參考資料
參考文獻 | 合作者 | 合作者
Roper, C.F.E., M.J. Sweeney and C.E. Nauen. 1984. (Ref. 275)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)
CITES狀態 (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
人類使用
漁業: 商業性
FAO - 漁業: landings | FishSource | 周邊海洋
工具
網路資源
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 23 - 29.1, mean 28 (based on 2210 cells).
回復力
高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (K=0.73-1.25).
瀕危性
Low vulnerability (19 of 100).
