Common names from other countries
Classification / Names / Names
Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Benthic; depth range 0 - 300 m (Ref. 78719), usually 0 - 50 m (Ref. 113749). Temperate; 79°N - 37°N, 127°E - 97°E
Northern Pacific, Northern Atlantic and the Arctic. Temperate to polar.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm 2.5  range ? - ? cm Max length : 10.0 cm WD male/unsexed; (Ref. 865); max. reported age: 45 years (Ref. 90469)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Members of the class Echinoidea are gonochoric. Fertilization is external. Brooding is common, eggs are held either on the peristome, around the periproct or deep into the concavities on the petaloids. Life cycle: Embryos develop into planktotrophic larvae (echinoplateus) and live for several months before they sink to the bottom using their tube feet to adhere on the ground where they metamorphose into young urchins.
Berkes, F., T.P. Hughes, R.S. Steneck, J.A. Wilson, D.R. Bellwood, B. Crona, C. Folke, L.H. Gunderson, H.M. Leslie, J. Norberg, M. Nyström, P. Olsson, H. Österblom, M. Scheffer and B. Worm. 2006. (Ref. 861)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
CITES status (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Human uses
Fisheries: commercial
| FishSource | Sea Around Us
Tools
Internet sources
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 0.8 - 10.2, mean 5.2 (based on 977 cells).
Resilience
High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (K=0.12-0.84; tm=2.5; tmax=45).
Vulnerability
Moderate to high vulnerability (46 of 100).