Main Ref. | Jennings, S., J. Lancaster, A. Woolmer and J. Cotter, 1999 |
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Remarks | Epibenthic (Refs. 87524, 95730). Intertidal to subtidal (Ref. 80965). Found in exposed areas with sandy substrate. Predatory; feeds on the blue mussel, Mytilus edulis (Ref. 96377). A ubiquitous, free-living species (Ref. 96391). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Benthic: mobile; macrobenthos; Soft Bottom: sand ( fine, ); |
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Substrate Ref. | Ellis, J.R., G. Burt and S.I. Rogers, 2007 |
Special habitats | Beds: bivalve; Other habitats: pilings; |
Special habitats Ref. | Schröder, A., C. Orejas and T. Joschko, 2006 |
Ref. | Jennings, S., J. Lancaster, A. Woolmer and J. Cotter, 1999 |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Schröder, A., C. Orejas and T. Joschko, 2006 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Schröder, A., C. Orejas and T. Joschko, 2006 |
Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | 3.28 | 0.17 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. |