Main Ref. | Conand, C., 1998 |
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Remarks | Generally occurs on outer barrier reefs and passes (Ref. 122), and fore reef slopes (Ref. 85218), but also known to inhabit shallow seagrass beds (Ref. 122). Also in slightly deeper waters. Common on coral slabs near reef passages or at the foot of reef slopes (Ref. 118) and lagoons over sandy bottoms (Ref. 102863). Juveniles are found to inhabit intertidal area heavily covered in algae. They are also observed in seagrass beds on a fringing reef flat (Ref. 104206). Appears to recruit to shallow seagrass beds, then migrates to deeper waters such as island gaps and moves to deeper waters of the lagoon floor as it sexually matures (Ref. 709). Deposit feeder (Ref. 833). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Benthic: mobile; Soft Bottom: sand; |
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Substrate Ref. | IUCN, 2014 |
Special habitats | Beds: sea grass; Coral Reefs: reef slope/drop-offs; lagoons; |
Special habitats Ref. | Kerr, A.M., K. Netchy and A.M. Gawel, 2006 |
Ref. | Conand, C., 1998 |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly plants/detritus (troph. 2-2.19) |
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Feeding type Ref. | |
Feeding habit | browsing on substrate |
Feeding habit Ref. | Ruppert, E.E., R.S. Fox and R.D. Barnes, 2004 |
Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | |||||
Ref. |