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| Main Ref. | Holthuis, L.B., 1980 |
|---|---|
| Remarks | Prefers mud or muddy sand substrates (Ref. 8). Juveniles settle at around 100 m, though can be detected up to 300 m, while larger individuals are always found deeper than 350 m (Ref. 80253). Feeds on benthic organisms (clams, mysids and small crangonids; Ref. 434). Also occurs in pelagic depths between 100 to 200 m (Ref. 92299). Opportunistic predator (Ref. 112170). |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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| Substrate | Benthic: mobile; demersal; Pelagic; Soft Bottom: sand; mud; |
|---|---|
| Substrate Ref. | Bianchi, G., K.E. Carpenter, J.-P. Roux, F.J. Molloy, D. Boyer and H.J. Boyer, 1999 |
| Special habitats | |
| Special habitats Ref. |
| Ref. | Holthuis, L.B., 1980 |
|---|---|
| Associations | |
| Associated with | |
| Association remarks | |
| Parasitism |
| Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| Feeding type Ref. | Fischer, W., G. Bianchi and W.B. Scott (eds.), 1981 |
| Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
| Feeding habit Ref. | Mori, M., P. Sartor and F. Biagi, 2000 |
| Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| From diet composition | clams, mysids, crangonids | ||||
| From individual food items | 3.68 | 0.53 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| Ref. | Fischer, W., G. Bianchi and W.B. Scott (eds.), 1981 | ||||