Main Ref. | Engbring, J., 1983 |
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Remarks | Non-breeding individuals are found on riverbanks, streams, dam shores, marshy areas, estuaries, tidal creeks in mangrove swamps, salt marshes, harbours and docks. Feeds on insects, spiders, molluscs, snails, crustaceans, annelids and occasionally frogs, toads, tadpoles and small fish, and plant material (Ref. 107892). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly plants/detritus (troph. 2-2.19) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Birdlife International, 2016 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Birdlife International, 2016 |
Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | 3.52 | 0.40 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. |