| Main Ref. | Abele, L.G. and W. Kim, 1986 |
|---|---|
| Remarks | Intertidal, in shallow waters in bays and other quiet waters. On mud bottoms with oyster clumps or rocks and rubble (Ref. 108765). Filter feeder and commonly found among shells. Reported to live symbiotically in the burrows of the black-clawed mud crab Panopeus herbstii in salt marshes (Ref. 108820). |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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| Substrate | Benthic: mobile; Soft Bottom: mud; Hard Bottom: rocky; rubble; |
|---|---|
| Substrate Ref. | Abele, L.G. and W. Kim, 1986 |
| Special habitats | Beds: bivalve; Other habitats: burrows; |
| Special habitats Ref. | Dworschak, P.C. and J.A. Ott, 1993 |
| Ref. | Tolley, S.G. and A.K. Volety, 2005 |
|---|---|
| Associations | symbiosis; |
| Associated with | Panopeus herbstii. |
| Association remarks | |
| Parasitism |
| Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| Feeding type Ref. | Smithsonian Marine Station at Force Pierce, 2016 |
| Feeding habit | variable |
| Feeding habit Ref. |
| Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| From diet composition | 2.13 | 0.11 | Troph of juv./adults. | ||
| From individual food items | 3.28 | 0.49 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| Ref. | Odum, W.E. and E.J. Heald, 1972 | ||||