Main Ref. | Southward, A.J., 1957 |
---|---|
Remarks | Intertidal (Ref. 81522); Littoral to sublittoral fringe areas; known as a fouling species (Ref. 81749) - on piers, pontoons, and boat hulls (Ref. 102838). In sheltered (Ref. 125338) to exposed rocky shores. Can be found on the shells of predatory gastropods Reishia clavigera and Cellana toreuma (Ref. 127116). Part of both epibenthic and arboreal communities in mangrove areas (Ref. 128397). Sessile suspension feeder (Ref. 125928). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
|
|
|
|
Substrate | Benthic: sessile; Hard Bottom; |
---|---|
Substrate Ref. | Hosie, A.M., A. Sampey, P.J. Davie and D.S. Jones, 2015 |
Special habitats | Other habitats: other invertebrates (On shells of gastropods and bivalves); pilings; boat hulls; |
Special habitats Ref. | George, D., 2005 |
Ref. | Southward, A.J., 1957 |
---|---|
Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly plants/detritus (troph. 2-2.19) |
---|---|
Feeding type Ref. | Farrapeira, C.M.R., E.S. Mendes, J. Dourado and J. Guimarães, 2010 |
Feeding habit | filtering plankton |
Feeding habit Ref. | López, D.A., B.A. López, C.K. Pham, E.J. Isidro and M. De Girolamo, 2010 |
Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | 2.00 | 0.00 | Trophic level and s.e. inferred from exclusive plant/detritus food items. | ||
Ref. |