Main Ref. | Fischer, W., G. Bianchi and W.B. Scott (eds.), 1981 |
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Remarks | Occurs from the intertidal area to a depth of 100 m, common at depths 6 to 40 m (Ref. 435). Regularly found just above low tide mark. Found in an estuary (Ref. 106870). Inhabits rocky or sandy bottom (Ref. 96377). Carnivore; trophic level 3.1 (Ref. 96418). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Benthic: mobile; Soft Bottom: sand; Hard Bottom: rocky; |
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Substrate Ref. | Schröder, A., C. Orejas and T. Joschko, 2006 |
Special habitats | Other habitats: pilings; |
Special habitats Ref. | Schröder, A., C. Orejas and T. Joschko, 2006 |
Ref. | Fischer, W., G. Bianchi and W.B. Scott (eds.), 1981 |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Schaal, G., P. Riera and C. Leroux, 2010 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Schaal, G., P. Riera and C. Leroux, 2009 |
Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | |||||
Ref. |