Main Ref. | Cairns, S.D., D.R. Calder, A. Brinckmann-Voss, C.B. Castro, D.G. Fautin, P.R. Pugh, C.E. Mills, W.C. Jaap, M.N. Arai, S.H.D. Haddock and D.M. Opresko, 2003 |
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Remarks | Neritic (Ref. 116114). Inhabits near shore, mangrove channels, and kelp forests (Ref. 1028). Polyps were once located attached to bivalve shells in a mangrove habitat in Puerto Rico, suggesting estuarine polyps (Ref. 116835). Medusae are associated with sandy beach with Posidonia oceanica meadows (Ref. 116819). Pathogenic (Ref. 116114). Mainly feeds on copepods, mysids and gammarids (Ref. 116521). Temperature is the main factor which affects its spatio-temporal abundance along the SW Mediterranean; other variables were low salinity and high coastal productivity (chl a and phosphate) (Ref. 116819). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | Cairns, S.D., D.R. Calder, A. Brinckmann-Voss, C.B. Castro, D.G. Fautin, P.R. Pugh, C.E. Mills, W.C. Jaap, M.N. Arai, S.H.D. Haddock and D.M. Opresko, 2003 |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Ruppert, E.E., R.S. Fox and R.D. Barnes, 2004 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Larson, R.J., 1976 |
Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | 3.50 | 0.44 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. |