Main Ref. | Leal, J.H., 2003 |
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Remarks | Occurs on sand bottoms (sometimes buried) near seagrass beds, at shallow subtidal depths (Ref. 355). This is also found on offshore coral reefs, on algae, sand and seagrass habitats (Ref. 83934). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Benthic: mobile; Soft Bottom: sand; |
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Substrate Ref. | Rodríguez-Sevilla, L., R. Vargas and J. Cortés, 2009 |
Special habitats | Beds: algae/seaweed; sea grass; Coral Reefs; |
Special habitats Ref. | Rodríguez-Sevilla, L., R. Vargas and J. Cortés, 2009 |
Ref. | Leal, J.H., 2003 |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Hughes, R.N. and H.P.I. Hughes, 1981 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Hughes, R.N. and H.P.I. Hughes, 1981 |
Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | 3.07 | 0.12 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. |