Main Ref. | Osorio, C. and V. Cantuarias, 1989 |
---|---|
Remarks | Thrives in the spray zone, but it may be found seaward to the calcareous algal zone. Well suited for this variable environment due to its ability to ventilate its mantle cavity when it is dry (Ref. 122680). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
|
|
|
|
Substrate | Benthic; |
---|---|
Substrate Ref. | State of hawaii, 2020 |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
---|---|
Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly plants/detritus (troph. 2-2.19) |
---|---|
Feeding type Ref. | State of hawaii, 2020 |
Feeding habit | grazing on aquatic plants |
Feeding habit Ref. | State of hawaii, 2020 |
Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | |||||
Ref. |