Main Ref. | Osorio, C. and V. Cantuarias, 1989 |
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Remarks | Often are covered with seaweed. Found on and below the zero tide mark where there is a steady splash, and they are often on coralline algae (Ref. 122680). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Benthic; |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | Beds: algae/seaweed; |
Special habitats Ref. | State of hawaii, 2020 |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly plants/detritus (troph. 2-2.19) |
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Feeding type Ref. | State of hawaii, 2020 |
Feeding habit | grazing on aquatic plants |
Feeding habit Ref. | State of hawaii, 2020 |
Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | |||||
Ref. |