Main Ref. | Poutiers, J.M., 1998 |
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Remarks | Most common between tide marks and in shallow subtidal waves. Inhabits dead coral blocks (Ref. 799). Also found in shelf zones (Ref. 349), outer edges of windward reef flats (Ref. 69146), intertidal coral reefs, reef and coastal lagoons, particularly on algae, boulder, coral, rock, sand and shell habitats (Ref. 83934). Also on seagrass and offshore banks (Ref. 109264). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Benthic: mobile; Soft Bottom: sand; Hard Bottom: rocky; |
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Substrate Ref. | Springsteen, F.J. and F.M. Leobrera, 1986 |
Special habitats | Beds: algae/seaweed; rock; sea grass; Coral Reefs: reef flats; lagoons; |
Special habitats Ref. | Rodríguez-Sevilla, L., R. Vargas and J. Cortés, 2009 |
Ref. | Poutiers, J.M., 1998 |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Govan, H., 1995 |
Feeding habit | |
Feeding habit Ref. |
Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | 3.23 | 0.17 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. |