Main Ref. | Roper, C.F.E., M.J. Sweeney and C.E. Nauen, 1984 |
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Remarks | Individual behavior: pale coloration indicates relaxation while dark, high contrast chromatic elements indicate alertness; protracted inking occurs after an abrupt stop from a backward jetting squid; in swimming, drag is reduced from the tightening of fin curvature which reduces the fin span relative to the average fin chord; fins and arms were used to maneuver. Schooling and shoaling: schools at night were tighter than during the day (Ref. 94861). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Benthic: mobile; demersal; Soft Bottom: sand; mud; |
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Substrate Ref. | Gotshall, D.W., 2005 |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | Roper, C.F.E., M.J. Sweeney and C.E. Nauen, 1984 |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Karpov, K.A. and G.M. Cailliet, 1979 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Karpov, K.A. and G.M. Cailliet, 1979 |
Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | 3.74 | 0.60 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. |