Main Ref. | Turgeon, D.D., J.F. Quinn Jr., A.E. Bogan, E.V. Coan, F.G. Hochberg, W.G. Lyons, P.M. Mikkelsen, R.J. Neves, C.F.E. Roper, G. Rosenberg, B. Roth, A. Scheltema, F.G. Thompson, M. Vecchione and J.D. Willams, 1998 |
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Remarks | Found in soft bottom areas along the sub-littoral zone (Ref. 96352). Most abundant in soft sandy mud (Ref. 123512). A subsurface deposit feeder (Ref. 96501). Infaunal (Ref. 104365). Also in Ref. 2684. |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Benthic: endofauna (infauna); macrobenthos; Soft Bottom: sand; mud; |
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Substrate Ref. | Josefson, A.B., T.L. Forbes and R. Rosenberg, 2002 |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | Zenetos, A., E. Vardala-Theodorou and C. Alexandrakis, 2005 |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly plants/detritus (troph. 2-2.19) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Josefson, A.B., T.L. Forbes and R. Rosenberg, 2002 |
Feeding habit | browsing on substrate |
Feeding habit Ref. | Josefson, A.B., T.L. Forbes and R. Rosenberg, 2002 |
Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | |||||
Ref. |