Main Ref. | Paxton, H. and L.M. Chou, 2000 |
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Remarks | Inshore to offshore (Ref. 107160). Free-living, motile; feeds on the surface, carnivore (Ref. 93816). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Benthic: mobile; |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Macdonald, T.A., B.J. Burd, V.I. Macdonald and A. van Roodselaar, 2010 |
Feeding habit | browsing on substrate |
Feeding habit Ref. | Macdonald, T.A., B.J. Burd, V.I. Macdonald and A. van Roodselaar, 2010 |
Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | |||||
Ref. |