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Ecology of Hastula penicillata
 
Main Ref. Smith, B.D., 2003
Remarks Dead shells washed up on the beaches in large numbers (Ref. 88739).

Aquatic zones / Water bodies

Marine - Neritic Marine - Oceanic Brackishwater Freshwater
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies
  • supra-littoral zone
  • littoral zone
  • sublittoral zone
  • epipelagic
  • mesopelagic
  • epipelagic
  • abyssopelagic
  • hadopelagic
  • estuaries/lagoons/brackish seas
  • mangroves
  • marshes/swamps
  • rivers/streams
  • lakes/ponds
  • caves
  • exclusively in caves
Highighted items on the list are where Hastula penicillata may be found.

Habitat

Substrate Benthic: mobile; Soft Bottom: sand;
Substrate Ref. Rehder, H.A., 1980
Special habitats
Special habitats Ref.

Associations

Ref. Smith, B.D., 2003
Associations
Associated with
Association remarks
Parasitism

feeding

Feeding type
Feeding type Ref.
Feeding habit
Feeding habit Ref.

Trophic Level(s)

Estimation method original sample unfished population Remark
Troph s.e. Troph s.e.
From diet composition
From individual food items
Ref.
Ref. [ e.g. 3742]
Glossary [ e.g. cnidaria]
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