Main Ref. | Studencka, B., 1987 |
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Remarks | Inhabits deep ocean basins within the abyssal, hadal, and sublittoral zones, commonly in sandy-clayey bottoms at depths between 100 to 400 m, and even up to 700 m (Ref. 96603). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Benthic: macrobenthos; Soft Bottom: sand ( fine, ); silt; mud; |
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Substrate Ref. | Studencka, B., 1987 |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly plants/detritus (troph. 2-2.19) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Jørgensen, C.B., 1990 |
Feeding habit | browsing on substrate |
Feeding habit Ref. | Jørgensen, C.B., 1990 |
Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | |||||
Ref. |