Main Ref. | Gotshall, D.W., 2005 |
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Remarks | Coastal (Ref. 121668). It is found on rocks, usually in kelp beds, from low intertidal to a depth of 21 meters (Ref. 865). Also in subtidal habitats (Refs. 121666, 121667) and rocky reefs (Ref. 121668). Herbivorous (Refs. 121666, 121667), primarily feeds on the giant kelp Macrocystis pyrifera; also consumes a variety of fleshy and calcareous macroalgae (Ref. 121667). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Benthic; Hard Bottom: rocky; |
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Substrate Ref. | Gotshall, D.W., 2005 |
Special habitats | Beds: algae/seaweed; |
Special habitats Ref. | Gotshall, D.W., 2005 |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly plants/detritus (troph. 2-2.19) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Haupt, A.J., F. Micheli and S.R. Palumbi, 2013 |
Feeding habit | grazing on aquatic plants |
Feeding habit Ref. | Mazariegos-Villarreal, A., M. de Lourdes Fierro-Jaúregui, K. León-Cisneros and E. Serviere-Zaragoza, 2017 |
Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | 2.37 | 0.12 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. |