Main Ref. | Hayward, P.J., 1971 |
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Remarks | Found on Laminaria sp. fronds and holdfast and on rocks (Ref. 1442). An epibenthic suspension/filter feeder; omnivorous, thrives on particulate organic matter and phytoplankton (Ref. 93816). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Benthic: sessile; |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | Beds: algae/seaweed; |
Special habitats Ref. | Ryland, J.S., 1962 |
Ref. | Hayward, P.J., 1971 |
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Associations | colony-forming/symphorism; |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | plants/detritus+animals (troph. 2.2-2.79) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Macdonald, T.A., B.J. Burd, V.I. Macdonald and A. van Roodselaar, 2010 |
Feeding habit | filtering plankton |
Feeding habit Ref. | Riisgard, H.U. and P. Manriquez, 1997 |
Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | |||||
Ref. |