Main Ref. | Holthuis, L.B., 1980 |
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Remarks | Subtidal (Ref. 106854). Found mainly in turbid waters down to a depth of 95 m over bottoms of mud, sandy-mud or silt. Juveniles are found in estuaries and backwaters, also in seagrass beds, mangrove banks, mud flats, and open channels (Ref. 8) while adults are found in deeper waters (Ref. 10). Juveniles from a riverine mangrove are likely to obtain nutrition from phytoplankton and possibly epiphytic algae than from mangrove leaves or detritus (Ref. 105141). Omnivore (Ref. 116259). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Benthic: mobile; Soft Bottom: sand; silt; mud; |
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Substrate Ref. | Holthuis, L.B., 1980 |
Special habitats | Beds: sea grass; |
Special habitats Ref. | Hajisamae, S. and P. Yeesin, 2014 |
Ref. | Li, L., 2002 |
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Associations | parasitism; |
Associated with | Orbione halipori |
Association remarks | Infested by Orbione halipori. |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | plants/detritus+animals (troph. 2.2-2.79) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Kangas, M.I., S. Morrison, P. Unsworth, E. Lai, I. Wright and A. Thomson, 2006 |
Feeding habit | |
Feeding habit Ref. |
Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | 2.00 | 0.00 | Trophic level and s.e. inferred from exclusive plant/detritus food items. | ||
Ref. |