Ecology Summary - Modulus modulus

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Ecology of Modulus modulus

Main Ref.	Bright, T.J., 2010
Remarks	This species is found in offshore, supra- and intertidal cienaga facies, coral reefs, mangroves, drift and reef lagoons, particularly on ascidian, boulder, coral, gravel, mud, rock, sand and seagrass habitats (Ref. 83934).

Aquatic zones / Water bodies

	Marine - Neritic	Marine - Oceanic	Brackishwater	Freshwater
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies	supra-littoral zone littoral zone sublittoral zone	epipelagic mesopelagic epipelagic abyssopelagic hadopelagic	estuaries/lagoons/brackish seas mangroves marshes/swamps	rivers/streams lakes/ponds caves exclusively in caves

Highighted items on the list are where Modulus modulus may be found.

Habitat

Substrate	Benthic: mobile; Soft Bottom: sand; mud; Hard Bottom: rocky;
Substrate Ref.	Rodríguez-Sevilla, L., R. Vargas and J. Cortés, 2009
Special habitats	Beds: algae/seaweed; sea grass; Coral Reefs: lagoons;
Special habitats Ref.	Rodríguez-Sevilla, L., R. Vargas and J. Cortés, 2009

Associations

Ref.
Associations
Associated with
Association remarks
Parasitism

feeding

Feeding type
Feeding type Ref.
Feeding habit	grazing on aquatic plants
Feeding habit Ref.	Rosenberg, G., F. Moretzsohn and E.F. Garcia, 2009

Trophic Level(s)

Estimation method	original sample		unfished population		Remark
Estimation method	Troph	s.e.	Troph	s.e.	Remark
From diet composition
From individual food items
Ref.

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