Ecology Summary - Molgula manhattensis

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Ecology of Molgula manhattensis

Main Ref.	de Kluijver, M.J. and S.S. Ingalsuo, 2006
Remarks	Attached to hard substrata or loosely attached on sandy bottoms; from lower shore to depths of about 90 (Ref. 1603). Wharf piles, ships, etc. sea grass, sand or muddy substrates in large aggregates, to 30 m, in salinity 11 to over 20 parts/thousand (Ref. 1134).

Aquatic zones / Water bodies

	Marine - Neritic	Marine - Oceanic	Brackishwater	Freshwater
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies	supra-littoral zone littoral zone sublittoral zone	epipelagic mesopelagic epipelagic abyssopelagic hadopelagic	estuaries/lagoons/brackish seas mangroves marshes/swamps	rivers/streams lakes/ponds caves exclusively in caves

Highighted items on the list are where Molgula manhattensis may be found.

Habitat

Substrate	Benthic: sessile; Soft Bottom: sand; mud; Hard Bottom;
Substrate Ref.
Special habitats	Beds: sea grass; Coral Reefs; Other habitats: pilings;
Special habitats Ref.

Associations

Ref.	de Kluijver, M.J. and S.S. Ingalsuo, 2006
Associations	solitary;
Associated with
Association remarks
Parasitism

feeding

Feeding type
Feeding type Ref.
Feeding habit
Feeding habit Ref.

Trophic Level(s)

Estimation method	original sample		unfished population		Remark
Estimation method	Troph	s.e.	Troph	s.e.	Remark
From diet composition
From individual food items
Ref.

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