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Main Ref. | Migotto, A.E., A.C. Marques, A.C. Morandini and F.L. da Silveira, 2002 |
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Remarks | Offshore (Ref. 813). Found in deep waters (Ref. 116114). Abundant in warm waters (Ref. 101746). Feeds on zooplankton (Ref. 101745). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Pelagic; |
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Substrate Ref. | Segura-Puertas, L., L. Celis and L. Chiaverano, 2009 |
Special habitats | Other habitats: other invertebrates (Refer to associations.); |
Special habitats Ref. | Arai, M.N., 2012 |
Ref. | Migotto, A.E., A.C. Marques, A.C. Morandini and F.L. da Silveira, 2002 |
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Associations | colony-forming/symphorism; mutualism; |
Associated with | sponges (Ref. 101748). |
Association remarks | Polyps may form colonies within horny sponges, which confers protection against predation and food to the scyphozoa. The scyphozoa, in turn, cleans the surrounding water. Also, the sponge benefits from the relationship by fusing its fibers with the theca of the polyp so that it limits the needed energy to build its own skeleton (Ref. 101748). |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Ruppert, E.E., R.S. Fox and R.D. Barnes, 2004 |
Feeding habit | |
Feeding habit Ref. |
Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | 3.40 | 0.45 | Tentative trophic level derived from 1 + troph of a single food item | ||
Ref. |