Main Ref. | Karpouzi, V.S., 2005 |
---|---|
Remarks | Inhabits open ocean (Ref. 81748); found over seas and along shores (Ref. 83946). Exhibits dipping and pattering (Ref. 81748). Skips and hops over water surface while feeding. A colonial breeder. Typically gregarious at sea. Often trail ships (Ref. 91362). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
|
|
|
|
Substrate | |
---|---|
Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | Harrison, P., 1987 |
---|---|
Associations | colony-forming/symphorism; |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | Colonial breeder. |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
---|---|
Feeding type Ref. | Karpouzi, V.S., 2005 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Karpouzi, V.S., 2005 |
Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | 3.31 | 0.44 | Troph of adults. | ||
From individual food items | 4.07 | 0.49 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. | Cherel, Y., C.-A. Bost, C. Guinet and H. Weimerskirch, 2005 |