Main Ref. | SAUP Database, 2006 |
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Remarks | In open ocean (Ref. 356). In Alaska, fluctuations of upwellings off the continental shelf near Kodiak Island causes between-season variability in laying time of this species. Egg neglect mean cumulative duration is 11 days, with the variable degree of neglect resulting in incubation range of 37 to 68 days as intermittent periods of cooling of eggs result in prolonged embryonic development (Ref. 87784). Pattering and dipping displays (Ref. 356). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | |
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Feeding type Ref. | |
Feeding habit | |
Feeding habit Ref. |
Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | 4.18 | 0.41 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. |