Main Ref. | Ahyong, S.T., 2002 |
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Remarks | Occurs on mud to fine to coarse sand (Ref. 80410) and stones (Ref. 3121). Usually found in less than 100 m depths, but occurs generally in 40 to 424 m depths. Juveniles can also be found on surface (Ref. 3121). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Benthic; Soft Bottom: sand ( coarse, fine, ); mud; Hard Bottom; |
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Substrate Ref. | Moosa, M.K., 2000 |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Ruppert, E.E., R.S. Fox and R.D. Barnes, 2004 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Ruppert, E.E., R.S. Fox and R.D. Barnes, 2004 |
Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | |||||
Ref. |