Main Ref. | Manning, R.B., 1998 |
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Remarks | Demersal (Ref. 105264). Burrows in near-shore level-bottom substrates (Ref. 92) in sheltered embayment or estuaries (Ref. 3099). Occurs in muddy bottoms of bays and inlets (Ref. 105263). Feeds mainly on crustaceans, mollusks, polychaetes, and fish; occasionally on plant materials (Ref. 105093). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Benthic: mobile; demersal; endofauna (infauna); Soft Bottom: mud; |
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Substrate Ref. | Hamano, T., N.M. Morrissy and S. Matsuura, 1987 |
Special habitats | Other habitats: burrows; |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | Manning, R.B., 1998 |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Lui, K.Y., 2005 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Prasad, R. and Y.P. Rao, 2015 |
Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | 3.48 | 0.47 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. |