Ecology Summary - Parahemiurus merus

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Ecology of Parahemiurus merus

Main Ref.	Williams, E.H. Jr. and L. Bunkley-Williams, 1996
Remarks	Host Specificity: This fluke appears to have little host preference as it occurs in a broad range of hosts. Habitat other vertebrates: blue runner, crevalle jack, greater amberjack, horse-eye jack, sailfish, Sterrhurus sp. barracuda (Ref. 359), Oncorhynchus, Gadus, Syngnathus, Hexagrammos, Ophiodon, Aprodon (Ref. 94010) and Priacanthus species (Ref. 95291).

Aquatic zones / Water bodies

	Marine - Neritic	Marine - Oceanic	Brackishwater	Freshwater
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies	supra-littoral zone littoral zone sublittoral zone	epipelagic mesopelagic epipelagic abyssopelagic hadopelagic	estuaries/lagoons/brackish seas mangroves marshes/swamps	rivers/streams lakes/ponds caves exclusively in caves

Highighted items on the list are where Parahemiurus merus may be found.

Habitat

Substrate	Benthic; Pelagic;
Substrate Ref.	Arai, H.P., 1969
Special habitats	Other habitats: vertebrates (Refer to associated with field.);
Special habitats Ref.	Arai, H.P., 1969

Associations

Ref.	Williams, E.H. Jr. and L. Bunkley-Williams, 1996
Associations	parasitism;
Associated with	Clupea harengus pallasi, Oncorhynchus kisutch, Oncorhynchus nerka, Gadus macrocephalus, Syngnathus griseolineatus, Hexagrammos stelleri, Ophiodon elongatus, Aprodon cortezianus (Ref. 359). Lethrinus miniatus (Ref. 101097). Priacanthus hamrur (Ref. 95291).
Association remarks
Parasitism	inside host (Stomach (Ref. 359, 94010); intestine and pyloric ceca (Ref. 94010). Refer to associated with field.)

feeding

Feeding type
Feeding type Ref.
Feeding habit	feeding on a host (parasite)
Feeding habit Ref.

Trophic Level(s)

Estimation method	original sample		unfished population		Remark
Estimation method	Troph	s.e.	Troph	s.e.	Remark
From diet composition
From individual food items
Ref.

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