Main Ref. | Veron, J.E.N., 2000 |
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Remarks | Found on shallow waters (Ref. 122680), particularly on shallow reef habitats exposed to strong wave action. Also found in caverns, vertical rock faces, vertical walls and deeper reef slopes (Ref. 98471). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Benthic: sessile; Hard Bottom: rocky; |
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Substrate Ref. | IUCN, 2014 |
Special habitats | Coral Reefs: reef slope/drop-offs; |
Special habitats Ref. | IUCN, 2014 |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | |
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Feeding type Ref. | |
Feeding habit | |
Feeding habit Ref. |
Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | |||||
Ref. |