Main Ref. | Holthuis, L.B., 1980 |
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Remarks | Marine, tropical climates (Ref. 8). Inshore (Ref. 121727). Coastline to deep waters down to 50 m (Ref. 114767). Seagrass serves as nursery ground before they move offshore at the age of 5 months (Ref. 121729). Also found in mangroves (Ref. 121728). Opportunistic omnivore (Ref. 121726). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Benthic; Soft Bottom: sand; mud; |
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Substrate Ref. | CRUSTA, 2012 |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | Holthuis, L.B., 1980 |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | plants/detritus+animals (troph. 2.2-2.79) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Bondad-Reantaso, M.G., E.R. Lovell, J.R. Arthur, D. Hurwood and P.B. Mather, 2005 |
Feeding habit | |
Feeding habit Ref. |
Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | 3.77 | 0.45 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. |