Main Ref. | Holthuis, L.B., 1980 |
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Remarks | Occurs at depths of 2-10 m, common at depths of 5-25 m. Bottom mud, or mud and sand. Temperature: 9° to 25°C. Salinity: 33.27 to 33.94% Cl. Neritic province. Tropical to temperate climates. |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Benthic: mobile; demersal; Soft Bottom: sand; mud; |
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Substrate Ref. | Pérez Farfante, I. and B. Kensley, 1997 |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | Holthuis, L.B., 1980 |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Roux, A., R. Piñero, P. Moriondo and M. Fernández, 2009 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Roux, A., R. Piñero, P. Moriondo and M. Fernández, 2009 |
Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | 3.56 | 0.38 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. |