Main Ref. | Pinho, M.R., J.M. Gonçalves, H.R. Martins and G.M. Menezes, 2001 |
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Remarks | Occurs in the continental shelf (Ref. 122888) and bathyal communities of the upper and middle slope (Refs. 113874, 102666), where it is dominant in the latter (Ref. 102666). Found in muddy and rocky bathyal substrates (Ref. 122889). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Benthic: mobile; Soft Bottom: mud; Hard Bottom: rocky; rubble; |
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Substrate Ref. | CRUSTA, 2012 |
Special habitats | Other habitats: seamounts; |
Special habitats Ref. | MarineSpecies.org, 2050 |
Ref. | Pinho, M.R., J.M. Gonçalves, H.R. Martins and G.M. Menezes, 2001 |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Fanelli, E. and J.E. Cartes, 2004 |
Feeding habit | |
Feeding habit Ref. |
Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | 3.53 | 0.48 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. |