Main Ref. | Brooke, M. de L., I. Hepburn and R.J. Travelyan, 2004 |
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Remarks | Generally occupies coastal areas, foraging in coastal fields, prairies, coastal freshwater pools, salt marshes, beaches, open mud, sandflats and reefs. Strongly migratory. May forage in solitary or in flocks of one hundred or more. Feeds on insects, molluscs, worms, crustaceans, and spiders (Ref. 107885). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Soft Bottom: sand; mud; |
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Substrate Ref. | Birdlife International, 2016 |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Birdlife International, 2016 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Birdlife International, 2016 |
Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | 3.80 | 0.29 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. |