Ecology Summary - Polymesoda caroliniana

Ecology Summary - Polymesoda caroliniana

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Ecology of Polymesoda caroliniana

Main Ref.	Leal, J.H., 2003
Remarks	It is infaunal in mud or sandy mud in estuaries, mangrove swamps, and coastal lagoons (Ref. 344). Occurs in intertidal areas and in relatively small numbers in shallow nearshore areas (Ref. 104487).

Aquatic zones / Water bodies

	Marine - Neritic	Marine - Oceanic	Brackishwater	Freshwater
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies	supra-littoral zone littoral zone sublittoral zone	epipelagic mesopelagic epipelagic abyssopelagic hadopelagic	estuaries/lagoons/brackish seas mangroves marshes/swamps	rivers/streams lakes/ponds caves exclusively in caves

Highighted items on the list are where Polymesoda caroliniana may be found.

Habitat

Substrate	Benthic: endofauna (infauna); Soft Bottom: sand; mud;
Substrate Ref.	Turgeon, D.D., W.G. Lyons, P. Mikkelsen, G. Rosenberg and F. Moretzsohn, 2009
Special habitats
Special habitats Ref.

Associations

Ref.	Leal, J.H., 2003
Associations
Associated with
Association remarks
Parasitism

feeding

Feeding type
Feeding type Ref.
Feeding habit	filtering plankton
Feeding habit Ref.	Ruppert, E.E., R.S. Fox and R.D. Barnes, 2004

Trophic Level(s)

Estimation method	original sample		unfished population		Remark
Estimation method	Troph	s.e.	Troph	s.e.	Remark
From diet composition
From individual food items
Ref.

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