Ecology Summary - Protoreaster nodosus

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Ecology of Protoreaster nodosus

Main Ref.	Schoppe, S., 2000
Remarks	Occurs on seagrass beds and seaweed areas (Refs. 82802, 89727), particularly on reef flats (Ref. 85384). It is known to be an extra-oral feeder (Ref. 85384) or microphagous feeder (Ref. 98606). Feeds on microbial and microalgal films, both living and decomposing seagrass blades, and filamentous green algae (Ref. 98606).

Aquatic zones / Water bodies

	Marine - Neritic	Marine - Oceanic	Brackishwater	Freshwater
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies	supra-littoral zone littoral zone sublittoral zone	epipelagic mesopelagic epipelagic abyssopelagic hadopelagic	estuaries/lagoons/brackish seas mangroves marshes/swamps	rivers/streams lakes/ponds caves exclusively in caves

Highighted items on the list are where Protoreaster nodosus may be found.

Habitat

Substrate	Benthic: mobile; megabenthos; Soft Bottom: sand; Hard Bottom: rocky;
Substrate Ref.	Putchakarn, S. and P. Sonchaeng, 2004
Special habitats	Beds: algae/seaweed; sea grass; Coral Reefs: reef flats;
Special habitats Ref.	Bos, A.R., G.S. Gumanao, J.C.E. Alipoyo and L.T. Cardona, 2008

Associations

Ref.	Schoppe, S., 2000
Associations	symbiosis;
Associated with	Periclimenes soror (shrimp) (Refs. 102254, 102275); Hololepidella millari(polychaete); Coeloplana astericola (ctenophore) (Ref. 102254).
Association remarks
Parasitism

feeding

Feeding type	mainly plants/detritus (troph. 2-2.19)
Feeding type Ref.	Scheibling, R.E. and A. Metaxas, 2008
Feeding habit	browsing on substrate
Feeding habit Ref.	Scheibling, R.E. and A. Metaxas, 2008

Trophic Level(s)

Estimation method	original sample		unfished population		Remark
Estimation method	Troph	s.e.	Troph	s.e.	Remark
From diet composition
From individual food items	2.00	0.00			Trophic level and s.e. inferred from exclusive plant/detritus food items.
Ref.

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