Main Ref. | DeFelice, R.C., L.G. Eldredge and J.T. Carlton, 2001 |
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Remarks | A suspension feeder common on hard substrates or overgrowing other fouling invertebrates in sheltered waters like harbors and embayments or also in shallow and deep reef habitats (Ref. 3248). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Benthic: sessile; Hard Bottom: rocky; |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | Beds: algae/seaweed; Coral Reefs: reef flats; |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | DeFelice, R.C., L.G. Eldredge and J.T. Carlton, 2001 |
Feeding habit | other |
Feeding habit Ref. | DeFelice, R.C., L.G. Eldredge and J.T. Carlton, 2001 |
Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | |||||
Ref. |