Main Ref. | Roper, C.F.E., M.J. Sweeney and C.E. Nauen, 1984 |
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Remarks | Inhabits muddy and sandy bottoms on the continental shelf and upper continental slope (Ref. 106799). Buries in soft sediments during the day and emerges at night to forage (Ref. 102863). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Benthic: mobile; demersal; Soft Bottom: sand; mud; |
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Substrate Ref. | Jereb, P. and C.F.E. Roper (eds.), 2005 |
Special habitats | Other habitats: burrows; |
Special habitats Ref. | IUCN, 2015 |
Ref. | Roper, C.F.E., M.J. Sweeney and C.E. Nauen, 1984 |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Ruppert, E.E., R.S. Fox and R.D. Barnes, 2004 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Ruppert, E.E., R.S. Fox and R.D. Barnes, 2004 |
Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | |||||
Ref. |