Main Ref. | Williams, A.B., L.G. Abele, D.L. Felder, H.H. Hobbs Jr., R.B. Manning, P.A. McLaughlin and I. Pérez Farfante, 1988 |
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Remarks | Found in the coast (Ref. 121706) and offshore (Ref. 106823); occasionally enters estuaries (Ref. 106823). On mouth of bays to 60 m, rarely observed to 420 m (Ref.79470). In the continental shelf, on fine and silty sand (Ref. 121706). Associated with muddy sediments; abundant in sediments with high amounts of silt and clay (Ref. 104233). Also occurs on organic debris and calcareous algae (Ref. 106549). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Benthic: mobile; demersal; Soft Bottom: sand; silt; mud; (, organic ); |
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Substrate Ref. | da Costa, R.C., A. Fransozo and M.L. Negreiros-Fransozo, 2005 |
Special habitats | Beds: algae/seaweed; |
Special habitats Ref. | D'Incao, F., 1995 |
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Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
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