Main Ref. | Migotto, A.E., A.C. Marques, A.C. Morandini and F.L. da Silveira, 2002 |
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Remarks | Neritic, estuarine, potentially pathogenic (Ref. 116114). Feeds on bivalve veligers, gastropod veligers, copepod eggs, nauplii, copepodites and adults, and Oikopleura sp. (Ref. 106824). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Pelagic; |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | Purcell, J.E. and M.N. Arai, 2001 |
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Associations | |
Associated with | Chloroscombrus chrysus, Peprilus alepidotus, Stephanolepsis hispidus |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Mills, C.E., 1995 |
Feeding habit | filtering plankton |
Feeding habit Ref. | Larson, R.J., 1991 |
Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | 3.34 | 0.34 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. |