Main Ref. | Leal, J.H., 2003 |
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Remarks | On all kinds of hard substrates, intertidal to subtidal. Diet: oyster and mussel beds (Ref. 355). Common on subtidal rocks (Ref. 438 and 417). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Benthic: mobile; Hard Bottom: rocky; |
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Substrate Ref. | Rosenberg, G., F. Moretzsohn and E.F. Garcia, 2009 |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | Rupp, G.S. and G.J. Parsons, 2006 |
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Associations | commensalism; |
Associated with | Nodipecten nodosus |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Leal, J.H., 2003 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Leal, J.H., 2003 |
Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | 3.62 | 0.25 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. |