Main Ref. | Abele, L.G. and W. Kim, 1986 |
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Remarks | Migrate into the upper mesopelagic and generally below the epipelagic zones at night (Ref. 97393). Found at depths between 600 to 900 meters during the day. It is a carnivorous species (Ref. 96715). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Pelagic; |
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Substrate Ref. | Abele, L.G. and W. Kim, 1986 |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Frank, T.M., 2003 |
Feeding habit | |
Feeding habit Ref. |
Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | 3.32 | 0.37 | Troph of juv./adults. | ||
From individual food items | 3.54 | 0.37 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. | Hopkins, T.L., M.E. Flock, J.V. Gartner and J.J. Torres, 1994 |